![]() ![]() ![]() The Calusa were a powerful Indian nation who came to dominate most of Southwest Florida through trade via their elaborate system of canals and waterways. ![]() The first known humans in the area were the Calusa, who arrived about 2,500 years ago. Sanibel and Captiva formed as one island about 6,000 years ago. View of the Lighthouse at the southern tip of Sanibel Island The Island hosts the Sanibel Historical Village and a variety of other museums including the Bailey-Matthews National Shell Museum. More than half of the island is made up of wildlife refuges, the largest being J. In September 2022, the causeway was heavily damaged by Hurricane Ian.ĭue to easy causeway access, Sanibel is a popular tourist destination known for its shell beaches and wildlife refuges. After the Sanibel causeway was built to replace the ferry in May 1963, the city was incorporated in 1974 and the residents asserted control over development by establishing the Sanibel Comprehensive Land Use Plan, helping to maintain a balance between development and preservation of the island's ecology. Most of the city proper is at the east end of the island. It is a barrier island-a collection of sand on the leeward side of the more solid coral-rock of Pine Island. The island, also known as Sanibel Island, constitutes the entire city. It is part of the Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,382 at the 2020 census. ![]() Sanibel is an island and city in Lee County, Florida, United States. ![]()
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